This book, written for the students of medicine and starting doctors preparing for specialized exams in internal medicine, orthopedics and traumatology, focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of the most common skeletal diseases with a primary focus on osteoporosis. It is a revised and significantly extended printed form of texts used in the e-learning Osteoporosis course compiled for students of general medicine of the Third Medical Faculty, Charles University. The scholars distinguish texts for students of medicine (in regular font) from those for postgraduate students (petit). This material, presenting a multidisciplinary perspective, introduces skeletal diseases to both students of general medicine and starting doctors preparing for specializations.